Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): November 2025

This issue consists of 5 articles contributed by 28 authors affiliated with more than 15 institutions from 3 countries including Indonesia (Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Health Sciences of Universitas Abulyatama, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Muslim Indonesia and Graha Primera Saintifika), Nigeria (Osun State University, Faculty of Allied medical Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Wesely Guild Hospital, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Orthopedic Hospital Nigeria, and Osun State University (UNIOSUN) Teaching Hospital), and United Kingdom (Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford).